Localization of orphan receptor TR3 mRNA in early developmental follicles in rat

Byin situ hybridization, the localization of orphan receptor TR3 mRNA has been observed in early developmental follicles. TR3 mRNA is first expressed in the ovarian interstitial cells on day 2 after birth, and then in granulosa cells (GC) in primary follicles on day 4. The expression level of TR3 mRNA in GC increases following the follicular development. Its higher expression can be observed in the outer layer of GC and inner layer of theca cells (TC) on day 6, where the cells present active proliferation and differentiation. The expression of TR3 is in an increasing manner until the large antral follicles on day 30. The mRNA is only expressed in the healthy, but not atretic follicles in adult rat ovaries. Injection of epidermal growth factor (EGF) has dramatically enhanced its expression in the early stage of developmental follicles. It is therefore suggested that TR3 may play a role in regulating growth and differentiation of ovarian somatic cells in the early stage, and its expression is regulated by EGF.     

On bio-diversity, complexity of M-CSF and its receptor

With the development of science, the methods and the views of scientific research changed from analyses to syntheses. Recently, more attention has been paid to bio-diversity and complexity. According to the study on M-CSF and its receptor for years, the author suggests that, the multi-level of bio-diversity also appears at the bio-macromolecular level. Probability of bio-diversity is one of the bases for bio-complexity. Cellular sociology and topobiology are important aspects in bio-complexity, and should be developed. If taking Chinese traditional medicine together with the advantage from Reductionism, joining the study on complexity, Chinese scientist would make a chair in the international scientific society.     

Mechanism of human immunodeficiency virus type I entry into the target cells

Based on the recent advances of the research on the mechanism of HIV-1 infection, a novel model to elucidate the mechanism of HIV entry into the target cells is proposed and the perspective about the putative receptor is discussed in this review. Understanding of the crystal structure of HIV-1 transmembrane protein gp41 and the functions of HIV-1 receptor, co-receptor and the putative receptor will lead to developing effective HIV vaccine and anti-HIV drugs.     

花生种子活力的形成

种子活力形成于种子发育过程．花生种子发育过程中，贮藏蛋白质、蛋白酶和热稳定蛋白与种子活力有密切关系．ＡＢＡ在种子活力形成过程中具有重要的调控作用．     

光周期对水分胁迫下冬小麦幼苗内源ABA及CTK含量的影响

全光照促进水分胁迫下冬小麦幼苗根ＡＢＡ及ＣＴＫ的累积。正常光周期则促进叶片ＣＴＫ的累积，对叶片ＡＢＡ累积影响较小。     

ABA处理种子对加工番茄幼苗抗寒力及相关生理指标的影响

通过ABA处理加工番茄种子后，对其幼苗形态指标、抗冷指数、生理指标进行了测定。结果表明：0．10‰～0．06‰范围内的ABA在发芽、形态指标、抗冷指标以及生理指标方面均与CK差异显著，可提高幼苗的内容物含量，促进幼苗抗寒性，说明此范围内的ABA适合加工番茄浸种，可为生产提供参考。     

The complexity of parathyroid hormone-related proteinsignalling

Our understanding of the mode of action of parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) has changed profoundly during the last decade. Most PTHrP activities are mediated by membrane receptors through autocrine/paracrine pathways. However, both endogenous and exogenous PTHrP also appear to have intracrine effects through translocation into the nucleus. The present review proposes unconventional PTHrP signalling, based on novel clues. First, PTHrP binding to its membrane receptor triggers internalization of the whole complex, mediated by beta-arrestin. There is growing evidence that the receptor and arrestin are the effectors of biological responses, rather than the ligand (or in addition to the ligand). Second, the existence of putative PTHrP targets within the cytoplasm is beginning to be supported. Recent findings of interactions between a COOH-terminus of PTHrP and beta-arrestin and between the PTHrP receptor and 14-3-3 proteins represent the starting point for identification of intracellular partners of both the hormone and its receptor.Received 19 June 2003; received after revision 10 July 2003; accepted 21 July 2003     

脑内血管紧张素及其在延髓对心血管活动的调节

血管紧张素（angiotensins,ANG）包括ANGⅠ、ANGⅡ、ANGⅢ、ANGⅣ,其受体亚型有AT1、AT2、AT4三种。一般认为,脑内血管紧张素的功能是由ANGⅡ与AT1受体结合完成的,但目前认为,脑内正常心血管功能是由ANG（1—7）与其特异性受体（AT5？）结合完成的;还有人指出,ANCⅢ与ANCⅡ在中枢效应中起着同等重要甚至比ANGⅡ更重要的作用。延髓腹外侧区（ventrolateralmedulla,VLM）是中枢重要的心血管活动的调控区域,在VLM通过氨基酸类神经递质影响心血管活动,并导致某些高血压的发生。     

Glutamate and γ-aminobutyric acid receptors and their characteristics in retina

Glutamate and Ⅱ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) are important neurotransmitters in the retinal neuronal circuitry. Using the whole-cell patch clamp technique and a rapid solution changer, glutamate and GABA receptors in the retina have been extensively investigated. Results indicate that glutamate receptors on horizontal cells may be an AMPA preferring subtype, which predominantly consists of flop splice variants. GABAA and GABAC receptors coexist in bipolar cells, with the latter showing significant desensitization. Kinetics analysis has demonstrated that the activation, deactivation and desensitization of the GABAC receptor-mediated response of these cells are overall slower than those of the GABAA response. Endogenous modulator Zn2 + in the retina has been found to differentially modulate the kinetic characteristics of the GABAC and GABAA responses.